Nuclear Power: Is it Safe?
Nuclear power is an alternative to using fossil fuels that many countries are pursuing. There are nuclear power plants in most of the major countries in the world, although some governments are stopping or slowing the nuclear power development program for fear of a nuclear accident, which could devastate the world. However, nuclear power is generally very safe, although the general public fears these plants. By learning the process in which nuclear power is generated, you can help raise awareness about the benefits of nuclear power as well as the disadvantages so that your community can take a stand either for or against the use of nuclear power.
Nuclear power begins with uranium. Over 99% of the uranium that is found in the earth cannot be used to create nuclear power. However, mixed in with that 99% is some that can be used. Nuclear power works in much of the same way that burning fossil fuels work. Heat is created in a process known as fission, and this heat is used to create steam. The steam expands and turns turbines that run a generator, and the generator produces electricity than can be sent through wires to homes across the country. The only difference in the process is the initial source of heat.
Fission occurs when uranium rods are placed into a reactor. Neutrons are sent to smash into the uranium, and the nucleus of the uranium atoms split in half. This chemical reaction causes heat, which is picked up by carbon dioxide that has been pumped into the reactor. This process is safer than most people think. If the reactor gets too hot, it could melt, causing a fire and the radioactivity from the uranium would escape into the environment. However, cooling rods, made of boron, can be used to quickly stop the nuclear reaction process. If the reactor gets too hot, boron rods are lowered into it with a special crane, and the boron absorbs the neutrons. In the case of human error, a backup system is set into place in which boron rods are automatically lowered into the reactor. Finally, if the reactor is still too hot, it can be flooded with nitrogen and water. This permanently damages the reactor, so it is a last resort, but it is an automated system that prevents disaster.
Learn more about the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear power before you judge whether or not you think this is a good power option. A lot can be gained from the use of nuclear power, but the risks are high as well. This alternative form of energy needs to be pursued with caution.